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Walden 作者:亨利·大卫·梭罗 美国)

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Conclusion

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even the Elizabethan men. But what is that to the purpose? A

the old; return to them. Things do not change; we change. Sell

from my sight, and ask myself why it will cherish those humble

said, or done at a certain rare coincidence is good. I would not be

can, and that on which no power can resist me. It affords me no

we tolerate incredible dulness. I need only suggest what kind of

is. Say what you have to say, not what you ought. Any truth is

Exploring Expedition, with all its parade and expense, but an

state, a hummock left by the ice. Yet some can be patriotic who

that is, as long as we can remember them. The learned societies and

"They pretend," as I hear, "that the verses of Kabir have four

of the future or possible, we should live quite laxly and undefined

science began to record its freshets. Every one has heard the story

half so much courage as a footpad" -- "that honor and religion have

enough to understand you without them. As if Nature could support

tradition and conformity! I did not wish to take a cabin passage,

strengthened by hearing of this? Who knows what beautiful and

far inland the banks which the stream anciently washed, before

asleep, which they express by snoring. Sometimes we are inclined to

poured a little alloy of bell-metal. Often, in the repose of my

infernal fire nevertheless. The universe is wider than our views of

me of their adventures with famous gentlemen and ladies, what

virtues, which any work would make impertinent? As if one were to

are not where we are, but in a false position. Through an infinity

nearly half our time. Yet we esteem ourselves wise, and have an

Why should we be in such desperate haste to succeed and in such

because he could not overcome him. Before he had found a stock in

built castles in the air, your work need not be lost; that is where

There are such words as joy and sorrow, but they are only the burden

universe will appear less complex, and solitude will not be

laws be expanded, and interpreted in his favor in a more liberal

pass an invisible boundary; new, universal, and more liberal laws

There is an incessant influx of novelty into the world, and yet

newspapers, for instance, you are but confined to the most

with the point of the stick he wrote the name of the last of that

of men; and so with the paths which the mind travels. How worn and

doctors prescribe for diseases of the skin merely. One hastens to

significant and vital experiences; you are compelled to deal with

Let them wander and scrutinize the outlandish Australians.

but tastes of weeds. The purity men love is like the mists which

believe that a tide rises and falls behind every man which can float

how you are yarded. The migrating buffalo, which seeks new pastures

Coast, all front on this private sea; but no bark from them has

thoughts, and bide its head from me who might, perhaps, be its

day to dawn. The sun is but a morning star.

toward a wornout China or Japan, but leads on direct, a tangent to

way to India. If you would learn to speak all tongues and conform

unexplored by him, but that it is easier to sail many thousand miles

beings. In proportion as he simplifies his life, the laws of the

residual statement. Their truth is instantly translated; its

path from my door to the pond-side; and though it is five or six

restricted in your range by poverty, if you cannot buy books and

philosopher, and Explore thyself. Herein are demanded the eye and

acquainted with a mere pellicle of the globe on which we live. Most

the spirit which may still animate their clay. Patriotism is a

the tinder of a mortal brain. The material was pure, and his art

or the Mississippi, or a Northwest Passage around this continent,

is not required to buy one necessary of the soul.

reveal an insensible perspiration toward the sun. The volatile

deposited in the living tree many years earlier still, as appeared

It is said that the British Empire is very large and respectable,

indirect recognition of the fact that there are continents and seas

science and literature with satisfaction. There are the Records of

society; but he is an old boy that knows it. Only what is thought,

take the first stitch." His companions prayer is forgotten.

Expert in home-cosmography."

ingredient, but into a perfect work time does not enter, he said to

ourselves, though when it is done we shall be sure to gaze still at

were safety in stupidity alone. I fear chiefly lest my expression

score than was found with the Walden ice. Southern customers

rivet in the machine of the universe, you carrying on the work.

Time, Time kept out of his way, and only sighed at a distance

fleeting phenomena, till I am ready to leap from their court-yard

I left the woods for as good a reason as I went there. Perhaps

hammer, and let me feel for the furring. Do not depend on the

through cold and storm and cannibals, in a government ship, with

will begin to establish themselves around and within him; or the old

because we appreciate only a third part of their wit. Some would

what degree of resolution was necessary in order to place ones self

quadrupeds, flying as well as creeping things, and hush and whoa,

the life of the race. If we have had the seven-years itch, we have

in formal opposition to the most sacred laws of society." He

envelop the earth, and not like the azure ether beyond.

is? Be rather the Mungo Park, the Lewis and Clark and Frobisher, of

tell me of California and Texas, of England and the Indies, of the

obsequious attendance, but sincerity and truth were not; and I went

This was manly, as the world goes; and yet it was idle, if not

endeavor to be what he was made.

nevermake to dawn. The light which puts out our eyes is darkness

this sphere, summer and winter, day and night, sun down, moon down,

It is not important that he should mature as soon as an apple tree

work at which you would not be ashamed to invoke the Muse. So will

on a higher. Superfluous wealth can buy superfluities only. Money

well-seasoned tomb -- heard perchance gnawing out now for years by

them. They talked to me of the age of the wine and the fame of the

than one interpretation. While England endeavors to cure the

which Bright can understand, were the best English. As if there

said he, "to remember to make a knot in their thread before they

love the soil which makes their graves, but have no sympathy with

of a psalm, sung with a nasal twang, while we believe in the

thinking of its long descent, it speaks of its progress in art and

Cultivate poverty like a garden herb, like sage. Do not trouble

sense, and he will live with the license of a higher order of

doctrine of the Vedas"; but in this part of the world it is

considered a ground for complaint if a mans writings admit of more

in Canada, takes a luncheon in the Ohio, and plumes himself for the

mind. Who knows what sort of seventeen-year locust will next come

year higher than man has ever known it, and flood the parched

notabilities they met at the dinner-table; but I am no more

private sea, the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean of ones being alone.

be proud if no more fatal fault were found with my pages on this

sat on one of its mounds to peel the stick. Before he had given it

and call it hard names. It is not so bad as you are. It looks

may unexpectedly come forth from amidst societys most trivial and

over the pail, leaps the cowyard fence, and runs after her calf, in

with shiploads of preserved meats to support you, if they be

that as common sense? The commonest sense is the sense of men

his work, it suddenly expanded before the eyes of the astonished

that run away and enlist. Start now on that farthest western way,

wish to go below now.

such is the character of that morrow which mere lapse of time can

for several weeks, hatched perchance by the heat of an urn. Who

up on our farms, bounds are henceforth set to our lives and our

And now he saw by the heap of shavings still fresh at his feet,

framed, like that of Britain, in after-dinner conversations over the

Some are dinning in our ears that we Americans, and moderns

Columbus to whole new continents and worlds within you, opening new

as contentedly there, and have as cheering thoughts, as in a palace.

the astonished family of man, as they sat round the festive board --

channels, not of trade, but of thought. Every man is the lord of a

of a true expression. Who that has heard a strain of music feared

However mean your life is, meet it and live it; do not shun it

half way to it yet." So it is with the bogs and quicksands of

the Philosophical Societies, and the public Eulogies of Great Men!

night in a southern bayou. Even the bison, to some extent, keeps

find fault with the morning red, if they ever got up early enough.

wake up in the night and think of your work with satisfaction -- a

last as the truth. This alone wears well. For the most part, we

benefactor, and impart to its race some cheering information, I am

your clothes and keep your thoughts. God will see that you do not

have not delved six feet beneath the surface, nor leaped as many

maggot in their heads. What was the meaning of that South-Sea

southern Africa to chase the giraffe; but surely that is not the

passed away, fairer and more glorious ones had taken their places.

wine.

formal opposition" to what are deemed "the most sacred laws of

begin the day with long-suffering, and hire a man to hoe his

"Direct your eye right inward, and youll find

illustrious line; and in Boston and London and Paris and Rome,

hourly expect a speech from somebody. God is only the president of

died, but he grew not older by a moment. His singleness of purpose

realm beside which the earthly empire of the Czar is but a petty

I do not suppose that I have attained to obscurity, but I should

all our muskrats. It was not always dry land where we dwell. I see

unexpected in common hours. He will put some things behind, will

correspondent. Our voyaging is only great-circle sailing, and the

gallows, was asked if he had anything to say. "Tell the tailors,"

for ourselves. I had not lived there a week before my feet wore a

if he could? Snipes and woodcocks also may afford rare sport; but I

have no self-respect, and sacrifice the greater to the less. They

the material which yields the most sugar and the most starch. It is

and at last earth down too.

race in the sand, and then resumed his work. By the time he had

plastering; such a deed would keep me awake nights. Give me a

five hundred men and boys to assist one, than it is to explore the

poorest when you are richest. The fault-finder will find faults

life near the bone where it is sweetest. You are defended from

It is a ridiculous demand which England and America make, that

I do not say that John or Jonathan will realize all this; but

strive after perfection. One day it came into his mind to make a

uplands; even this may be the eventful year, which will drown out

three divisions one can take away its general, and put it in

if it were muddy, and preferred the Cambridge ice, which is white,

trust it would be nobler game to shoot ones self.--

better than make-believe. Tom Hyde, the tinker, standing on the

Why level downward to our dullest perception always, and praise

the same, and our means essentially the same. Moreover, if you are

the laws of his being, which will never be one of opposition to a

Zanzibar. Yet do this even till you can do better, and you may

help you God, and so only. Every nail driven should be as another

toadstools grow so. As if that were important, and there were not

him.

by counting the annual layers beyond it; which was heard gnawing out

milking time. I desire to speak somewhere without bounds; like a

pace with the seasons cropping the pastures of the Colorado only

The style, the house and grounds and "entertainment" pass for

himself because he belongs to the race of pygmies, and not be the

material; and as he searched for and rejected stick after stick, his

that we would find? Are these the problems which most concern

Yet undiscovered. Travel them, and be

How long shall we sit in our porticoes practising idle and musty

established order on the surface. Truly, we are deep thinkers, we

in Connecticut, and afterward in Massachusetts -- from an egg

objected to its blue color, which is the evidence of its purity, as

man in a waking moment, to men in their waking moments; for I am

yourself much to get new things, whether clothes or friends. Turn

The shadows of poverty and meanness gather around us, "and lo!

me -- not hang by the beam of the scale and try to weigh less -- not

literal monument alone remains. The words which express our faith

satisfaction to commerce to spring an arch before I have got a solid

"Erret, et extremos alter scrutetur Iberos.

nothing with me. I called on the king, but he made me wait in his

bug which came out of the dry leaf of an old table of apple-tree

we think that if rail fences are pulled down, and stone walls piled

more glorious vintage, which they had not got, and could not buy.

dusty, then, must be the highways of the world, how deep the ruts of

him step to the music which he hears, however measured or far away.

bottom." "So it has," answered the latter, "but you have not got

hence are in two cases at the same time, and it is doubly difficult

desperate enterprises? If a man does not keep pace with his

The wild goose is more of a cosmopolite than we; he breaks his fast

confidently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavors to live

and piety are not definite; yet they are significant and fragrant

What does Africa -- what does the West stand for? Is not our own

want society. If I were confined to a corner of a garret all my

to us. Only that day dawns to which we are awake. There is more

I live in the angle of a leaden wall, into whose composition was

different senses; illusion, spirit, intellect, and the exoteric

days, like a spider, the world would be just as large to me while I

meekness and charity with goodness aforethought! Consider the China

of things which we were made for is not yet, what were any reality

potato-rot, will not any endeavor to cure the brain-rot, which

Yet we should oftener look over the tafferel of our craft, like

I have more of God, they more of the road.

potatoes; and in the afternoon go forth to practise Christian

man to put himself in such an attitude to society, but to maintain

subject yourself to many influences to be played on; it is all

The life in us is like the water in the river. It may rise this

spare any more time for that one. It is remarkable how easily and

single scintillation from the brain of Brahma to fall on and inflame

fear, that others may have fallen into it, and so helped to keep it

It is said that Mirabeau took to highway robbery "to ascertain

friends gradually deserted him, for they grew old in their works and

have some pleasant, thrilling, glorious hours, even in a poorhouse.

pride and stagnant self-complacency of mankind. This generation

done great deeds, and sung divine songs, which shall never die" --

game he would be after. How long, pray, would a man hunt giraffes

coast, when discovered. Is it the source of the Nile, or the Niger,

that, for him and his work, the former lapse of time had been an

but one order of understandings, could not sustain birds as well as

bottom everywhere. We read that the traveller asked the boy if the

and resolution, and his elevated piety, endowed him, without his

the proper shape the dynasty of the Candahars was at an end, and

desperate. A saner man would have found himself often enough "in

living dog is better than a dead lion. Shall a man go and hang

last. England and France, Spain and Portugal, Gold Coast and Slave

pine needles on the forest floor, and endeavoring to conceal itself

one of those who will foolishly drive a nail into mere lath and

stones, Brahma had awoke and slumbered many times. But why do I

then lest he should speak extravagantly any more forever? In view

gravitate toward that which most strongly and rightfully attracts

reminded of the greater Benefactor and Intelligence that stands over

The interest and the conversation are about costume and manners

A thousand regions in your mind

in front, our outlines dim and misty on that side; as our shadows

being a trifler. No man loses ever on a lower level by magnanimity

himself, It shall be perfect in all respects, though I should do

yet lived a whole human life. These may be but the spring months in

like frankincense to superior natures.

proportions; in which, though the old cities and dynasties had

class those who are once-and-a-half-witted with the half-witted,

in procession with pomp and parade, in a conspicuous place, but to

be so earnest to find him? Does Mr. Grinnell know where he himself

the British Empire like a chip, if he should ever harbor it in his

scenery. Thank Heaven, here is not all the world. The buckeye does

brightly as from the rich mans abode; the snow melts before its

It is not worth the while to go round the world to count the cats in

smoothed and polished the staff Kalpa was no longer the pole-star;

ordinary and mean. We think that we can change our clothes only.

me the human insect.

stay to mention these things? When the finishing stroke was put to

insensibly we fall into a particular route, and make a beaten track

Plus habet hic vitae, plus habet ille viae."

the true ethereal heaven far above, as if the former were not?

it seemed to me that I had several more lives to live, and could not

winged life, whose egg has been buried for ages under many

The setting sun is reflected from the windows of the almshouse as

observed to the boy, "I thought you said that this bog had a hard

handselled furniture, to enjoy its perfect summer life at last!

truth of which I have been convinced. Extra vagance! it depends on

truth of our words should continually betray the inadequacy of the

it.

like the Mameluke bey. I delight to come to my bearings -- not walk

at a table where were rich food and wine in abundance, and

open. The surface of the earth is soft and impressible by the feet

just government, if he should chance to meet with such.

interested in such things than in the contents of the Daily Times.

disorder; from the man the most abject and vulgar one cannot take

above it. We know not where we are. Beside, we are sound asleep

you shall speak so that they can understand you. Neither men nor

which has been gradually converted into the semblance of its

never stood in the way of a well-considered and a firm resolve."

away hungry from the inhospitable board. The hospitality was as

the life which he has imagined, he will meet with a success

interior white on the chart? black though it may prove, like the

narrow limits of my daily experience, so as to be adequate to the

biggest pygmy that he can? Let every one mind his own business, and

was pure; how could the result be other than wonderful?

the nerve. Only the defeated and deserters go to the wars, cowards

not grow in New England, and the mockingbird is rarely heard here.

deposited at first in the alburnum of the green and living tree,

declared that "a soldier who fights in the ranks does not require

staff. Having considered that in an imperfect work time is an

putty. Drive a nail home and clinch it so faithfully that you can

in this restless, nervous, bustling, trivial Nineteenth Century, but

suppose a case, but take the case that is; to travel the only path I

town; but it oftener happens that they are not above supporting

a new system in making a staff, a world with full and fair

to the customs of all nations, if you would travel farther than all

but rather to go before the mast and on the deck of the world, for

chiefly; but a goose is a goose still, dress it as you will. They

door as early in the spring. I do not see but a quiet mind may live

curious passengers, and not make the voyage like stupid sailors

even in paradise. Love your life, poor as it is. You may perhaps

misgiving. Most think that they are above being supported by the

fates decided. If you are chosen town clerk, forsooth, you cannot

or an oak. Shall he turn his spring into summer? If the condition

out of the ground? The government of the world I live in was not

But presently the travellers horse sank in up to the girths, and he

mid-day, there reaches my ears a confused tintinnabulum from

foundation. Let us not play at kittly-benders. There is a solid

reality. Shall we with pains erect a heaven of blue glass over

concentric layers of woodenness in the dead dry life of society,

may not be extravagant enough, may not wander far enough beyond the

which we can substitute? We will not be shipwrecked on a vain

necessary; and pile the empty cans sky-high for a sign. Were

wood, being resolved that it should not be made of unsuitable

himself in whatever attitude he find himself through obedience to

without. It is the noise of my contemporaries. My neighbors tell

the day, and Webster is his orator. I love to weigh, to settle, to

mankind? IsFranklin the only man who is lost, that his wife should

It is the good Adam contemplating his own virtue. "Yes, we have

wood, which had stood in a farmers kitchen for sixty years, first

years since I trod it, it is still quite distinct. It is true, I

away his thought." Do not seek so anxiously to be developed, to

of our natures, we suppose a case, and put ourselves into it, and

had my thoughts about me. The philosopher said: "From an army of

travellers, be naturalized in all climes, and cause the Sphinx to

to get out. In sane moments we regard only the facts, the case that

all respects suitable the city of Kouroo was a hoary ruin, and he

knowledge, with perennial youth. As he made no compromise with

preserved meats invented to preserve meat merely? Nay, be a

great men of Assyria -- where are they? What youthful philosophers

your own streams and oceans; explore your own higher latitudes --

illusion, and that no more time had elapsed than is required for a

in the moral world to which every man is an isthmus or an inlet, yet

To the sick the doctors wisely recommend a change of air and

does not feel his faith in a resurrection and immortality

sermons are still listened to in the most enlightened countries.

perhaps find some "Symmes Hole" by which to get at the inside at

not seen the seventeen-year locust yet in Concord. We are

companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer. Let

till a greener and sweeter grass awaits him by the Yellowstone. Yet

convinced that I cannot exaggerate enough even to lay the foundation

themselves by dishonest means, which should be more disreputable.

in another latitude, is not extravagant like the cow which kicks

they should be. Now put the foundations under them.

Rather than love, than money, than fame, give me truth. I sat

was a man in my neighborhood who lived in a hollow tree. His

solitude, nor poverty poverty, nor weakness weakness. If you have

celebrating? They are all on a committee of arrangements, and

walk even with the Builder of the universe, if I may -- not to live

creation widens to our view." We are often reminded that if there

manners were truly regal. I should have done better had I called on

There was an artist in the city of Kouroo who was disposed to

swamp before him had a hard bottom. The boy replied that it had.

I learned this, at least, by my experiment: that if one advances

which has gone the rounds of New England, of a strong and beautiful

which does not pause at the Mississippi or the Pacific, nor conduct

dissipation. Humility like darkness reveals the heavenly lights.

generally, are intellectual dwarfs compared with the ancients, or

there I could best see the moonlight amid the mountains. I do not

were bestowed on us the wealth of Croesus, our aims must still be

picking oakum. The other side of the globe is but the home of our

society," through obedience to yet more sacred laws, and so have

tested his resolution without going out of his way. It is not for a

and that the United States are a first-rate power. We do not

nothing else in my life. He proceeded instantly to the forest for

hall, and conducted like a man incapacitated for hospitality. There

Hon. Mr. --- of Georgia or of Massachusetts, all transient and

vintage; but I thought of an older, a newer, and purer wine, of a

No face which we can give to a matter will stead us so well at

dash her head against a stone, even obey the precept of the old

of any. Maybe they are simply great enough to receive without

inclines a little to congratulate itself on being the last of an

ventured out of sight of land, though it is without doubt the direct

and experimentalists we are! There is not one of my readers who has

The towns poor seem to me often to live the most independent lives

and ere he had put on the ferule and the head adorned with precious

cold as the ices. I thought that there was no need of ice to freeze

go to Tierra del Fuego this summer: but you may go to the land of

artist into the fairest of all the creations of Brahma. He had made

stand or sit thoughtfully while it goes by. What are men

prevails so much more widely and fatally?

are ambitious spirits! As I stand over the insect crawling amid the

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